In ve On Kullanımı:
İngilizcede In, kutu, oda ve ülke gibi üç boyutlu şeylerin içinden bahsederken kullanılır. On ise zemin, masa ve duvar gibi iki boyutlu yüzeylerin üstünden bahsederken kullanılır.
- Where is Joe? ‘In the kitchen.’
- There is nothing in the fridge.
- Ann’s in Poland.
- Why are all those papers on the floor?
- She had photos of all her family on the wall.
İnsanlar elbisenin içindedirler, elbiseler ve takılar ise insanların üstünde:
- Who is the man in the grey suit?
Gri takım elbisenin içindeki adam kim? - That sweater looks good on you.
Kazak senin üzerinde iyi görünüyor. - She had a ring on every finger.
Parmağının üzerinde bir yüzük var.
Gördüğünüz gibi, elbisenin içinden söz ederken in, kişinin üzerindeki bir nesneden söz ederken ise on kullanıldı.
Aşağıdaki kullanımlara bakalım:
- In a bath
- On the roof
- In a tree
- On a table
- In a cup (fincan)
- On her arm
- On the plate
- In your head (düşünce)
- On your head (şapka)
- On a door
Şu durumlara da dikkat edelim:
in a book, in the newspaper, in a story, on a page, in a street.
- Is there anything interesting in the paper?
- Her photo is on the page 4.
- They live in Park Street.
Aşağıdaki cümlelerdeki in ve on kullanımlarına bakalım:
- In children stories, animals can talk.
- ‘Are you free next Tuesday?’
‘Just a minute. I’ll look in my diary.’ - Is Sandra in the office today?
- She had a wonderful diamond ring on her first finger.
- ‘Where is the salt?’ ‘In the cupboard.’
- The cat likes to sleep on the roof or the car.
- Don’t leave your keys in your car when you get out.
- They live in a little village near Belfast.
Önemli: Arabadan söz ederken “in a car” denir ama otobüsten, trenden vs. bahsederken de “on a bus/train/plane/ship” şeklinde söylenir.
At edatının kullanımı:
At edatı genellikle mekan bildirirken, olayın nerede olduğunu söylerken kullanılır.
- I’ll see you this evening at Sarah’s house.
- You have to change planes at Karachi.
- I saw Ann waiting at the bus stop.
- Turn left at the next corner.
At, insanların yaptığı işlerden ya da o işleri nerede yaptıklarından söz ederken kullanılır:
- at a football match
- at breakfast, lunch
- at a restaurant
- at work
- at the office
- at the theatre
- at the cinema
- at the station
- at a party
- at (the) college/university
Aşağıdaki örnek cümleleri inceleyelim:
- Paul crashed his car because he didn’t stop at the traffic lights.
- Are there any good films at the cinema this week?
- Her train was terribly late- I spent hours waiting at the station.
- The boss doesn’t let us take personal phone calls at work.
The top, the bottom, the side, the beginning, the end gibi ifalerle birlikte at kullanılır.
- My room’s at the top of the house.
- Begin at the beginning.
- Their house is down at the bottom of the hill.
- I never have any money at the end of the month.
Diğer yer bildiren edatlar ise şunlardır:
- Above: üstünde
- Against: karşısında, dayalı
- Behind:arkasında
- Betweeen: arasında
- By: yanında
- In front of: önünde
- Near: bitişiğinde
- Opposite: karşısında
- Under: altında
Bu edatlarla ilgili aşağıdaki örnek cümleleri inceleyelim:
- Ann is sitting between Eric and Julia.
- Come and sit by me.
- We camped by the lake.
- Montreal is in the eastern Canada, near Ottowa.
- I left my bicycle against the shop window.
- Joe’s car is pasked in front of the house.
- There is a bus stop opposite our house.
- Lucy is in the front of Pat.
- Pat is behind Lucy.
- Andy is opposite Mike.
- The dog is hiding under the table.
- The plane is flying above the clouds.
Aşağıdaki örnek cümleleri inceleyelim:
- I usually sit by a window in class,
so I can look out if I get bored. - There was a big bird flying high up above the trees.
- They live in a beautiful old house by a river.
- There is a big clock above the door of the station.
- I sat down by Mary and looked into her eyes.
- You can park your car behind the house.
- I will meet you at the station under the clock.
